阴茎鞘
关于新几内亚岛部分部落的男性传统服饰，请见“阴茎端鞘”。此条目介绍的是非人类动物的包皮。关于人类的包皮，请见“包皮”。
阴茎鞘（英语：penile sheath[1]、praeputium[2]）又称包皮鞘（英语：preputial sheath[3]），是指雄性哺乳动物的包皮。几乎所有的哺乳动物阴茎都有包皮[4]，不过对于非人类的动物，包皮通常是一个鞘，整个阴茎可以收缩到其中。
各物种的阴茎鞘
在一些蝙蝠物种中，包皮含有一种名为附属海绵体（英语：accessory corpus cavernosus）的勃起组织结构[6]。
在发情期，雄性大象可能会在阴茎仍在鞘内的情况下排尿，这导致尿液喷洒在后腿上[7]。
雄性马的阴茎缩肌能够收缩，将马的阴茎收回阴茎鞘中，放松时则可以将阴茎伸展出来[9]。
雄性花鹿的阴茎鞘很长并沾有尿液。公鹿有时会在用角摩擦树木时，快速地在其阴茎鞘内来回移动阴茎[10]。
参见
参考资料
- ^ Edward C. Feldman. Canine and feline endocrinology and reproduction. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2004: 934– [25 April 2013]. ISBN 978-0-7216-9315-6. （原始内容存档于31 December 2013） （英语）.
- ^ Horst Erich König; Hans-Georg Hans-Georg; H. Bragulla. Veterinary Anatomy of Domestic Mammals: Textbook and Colour Atlas. Schattauer Verlag. 2007 [2019-12-13]. ISBN 978-3-7945-2485-3. （原始内容存档于2016-05-11） （英语）.
- ^ The behavior guide to African mammals: including hoofed mammals, carnivores, primates
. University of California Press. 1991: 116– [25 April 2013]. ISBN 978-0-520-08085-0 （英语）. penile sheath OR penis sheath OR prepuce.
- ^ Fahmy, Mohamed A. Baky. "Prepuce." Rare Congenital Genitourinary Anomalies. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. 33-41.（英文）
- ^ UQ researchers unlock another koala secret. Uq.edu.au. 2001-05-09 [2012-07-16]. （原始内容存档于2013-05-12） （英语）.
- ^ Elizabeth G. Crichton; Philip H. Krutzsch. Reproductive Biology of Bats. Academic Press. 12 June 2000: 104–. ISBN 978-0-08-054053-5 （英语）.
- ^ Sukumar, pp. 100–08.（英文）
- ^ George B. Schaller. The Serengeti Lion: A Study of Predator-Prey Relations. University of Chicago Press. 15 October 2009: 329– [10 February 2013]. ISBN 978-0-226-73660-0. （原始内容存档于28 May 2013） （英语）.
- ^ The Stallion: Breeding Soundness Examination & Reproductive Anatomy. University of Wisconsin-Madison. [7 July 2007]. （原始内容存档于2007-07-16） （英语）.
- ^ Valerius Geist. Deer of the World: Their Evolution, Behaviour and Ecology. Stackpole Books. 1998 [11 May 2013]. ISBN 978-0-8117-0496-0. （原始内容存档于23 June 2016） （英语）.
- ^ Fiona Reid. Peterson Field Guide to Mammals of North America: Fourth Edition. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. 15 November 2006 [11 May 2013]. ISBN 978-0-547-34553-6. （原始内容存档于23 June 2016） （英语）.
- ^ Maruniak, J. A., Claude Desjardins, and F. H. Bronson. "Adaptations for urinary marking in rodents: Prepuce length and morphology 互联网档案馆的存档，存档日期2018-07-20.." Journal of Reproduction and Fertility 44.3 (1975): 567-570. （英文）
延伸阅读
- Heide Schatten; Gheorghe M. Constantinescu. Comparative Reproductive Biology. John Wiley & Sons. 21 March 2008. ISBN 978-0-470-39025-2 （英语）.
- Peter J Chenoweth; Steven Lorton. Animal Andrology: Theories and Applications. CABI. 30 April 2014. ISBN 978-1-78064-316-8 （英语）.
- Kristin J. Holtgrew-Bohling. Large Animal Clinical Procedures for Veterinary Technicians. Elsevier Health Sciences. 12 March 2014. ISBN 978-0-323-29035-7 （英语）.
- Mating Reflexes. Ardent Media. 1974: 84– [11 May 2013]. ISBN 978-0-8422-7236-0 （英语）.
- N. Norman Edward Robinson; Kim A. Sprayberry. Current Therapy in Equine Medicine 6. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2009: 760– [11 May 2013]. ISBN 978-1-4160-5475-7 （英语）.
- Auguste Chauveau. The Comparative anatomy of the domesticated animals. D. Appleton & Company. 1887: 869– [11 May 2013] （英语）.
penile sheath OR penis sheath OR preputial sheath OR prepuce.
- Richard Doty. Mammalian Olfaction, Reproductive Processes, and Behavior. Elsevier Science. 1 January 1976: 126– [11 May 2013]. ISBN 978-0-323-15450-5 （英语）.
- Catherine Lamm; Chelsea Makloski. Theriogenology, An Issue of Veterinary Clinics: Small Animal Practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. 28 May 2012: 309– [11 May 2013]. ISBN 978-1-4557-4447-3 （英语）.
- Donald Chapman; Norma Chapman. Fallow Deer: Their History, Distribution, and Biology. Dalton. 1975 [16 May 2013]. ISBN 978-0-900963-50-6 （英语）.
- David M. Shackleton. Hoofed mammals of British Columbia. UBC Press. 1999 [16 May 2013]. ISBN 978-0-7748-0728-9 （英语）.
- Leonard Lee Rue. The encyclopedia of deer: your guide to the world's deer species including whitetails, mule deer, caribou, elk, moose, and more. Voyageur Press. 2 August 2004 [16 May 2013]. ISBN 978-0-89658-590-4 （英语）.
- Heather Smith Thomas. The Cattle Health Handbook: Preventive Care, Disease Treatments & Emergency Procedures for Promoting the Well-being of Your Beef Or Dairy Herd. Storey Pub. 2009 [18 May 2013]. ISBN 978-1-60342-090-7 （英语）.
- Thomas J. Divers. Rebhun's diseases of dairy cattle. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2008 [18 May 2013]. ISBN 978-1-4160-3137-6 （英语）.
- Debra M. Eldredge; Delbert G. Carlson; Liisa D. Carlson; James M. Giffin. Cat Owner's Home Veterinary Handbook. John Wiley & Sons. 7 January 2008 [7 June 2013]. ISBN 978-0-470-22767-1 （英语）.